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Summons
A notice to the named person that an action has been commenced against him in court and that he is required to appear, on the day named, and answer the complaint.
Opinion evidence
Witnesses are normally required to confine their testimony to statements of fact and are not allowed to give their opinions in court. However, if a witness is qualified as an expert in a particular field, he or she may be allowed to state an opinion as an expert based on certain facts.
Intervention
A proceeding in a civil suit by which a third person is permitted by the court to join as a party to the suit.
Restitution
A party is said to "rest" or "rest his case" when he/she has presented all the evidence he/she intends to offer.
Direct evidence
Evidence in the form of testimony from a witness who actually saw, heard, or touched the subject of interrogation.
Reporting statutes
An order by a court directing the transfer of a case to another court. For example, when a case is proper for jurisdiction in federal court, the federal court may remove the case from the state court in which it was originally filed.
Battery
Actual physical violence, whether serious or minor, inflicted on a person. (A mere threat is called assault, whereas the completed act is called battery).
Redirect examination
A kind of bail, consisting of a written promise to appear in court when required. Generally, when there is no good reason to suppose the accused in a criminal case will not appear when required or the accused is not a significant risk to the community, he or she will be released on his or her own recognizance.
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